COURAGE

łączymy kolekcje

András Egyed (1913–1984) was a Piarist monk, teacher, and well-known psychologist of languages. He joined the Piarist Order in 1931 and was ordained as priest in 1940. He obtained a degree as a teacher of French and Latin (1940) and completed a doctoral degree (1942) at the university of Budapest. He studied philosophy in Paris (1934–1935). He was a teacher at the Pious Gymnasium of Tata (1940–1941) and in Máramarossziget (1941–1944). He was a member of the resistance against German occupation. In 1944, he helped save persecuted people in the institutes of the Swedish Red Cross. In December 1944, the Gestapo imprisoned and tortured him. Egyed was released in February 1945. He served as a teacher at the Pious Gymnasium of Budapest (1945–1948) and in Vác (1949–1951), and from 1951 until 1974 he worked as a primary teacher in Budapest. Initially, he pursued research on French literature and the history of education. Later, his interests turned to the border areas of linguistics, pedagogy, and psychology. He developed a new psycholinguistic research method founded on linguistic empirical data of Indo-European and partially Finno-Ugric languages. He was a member of the International Council of Psychologists.

Péter Egyed (Cluj, 6 April 1954 – Cluj-Napoca, 2 August 2018) was a Hungarian philosopher, writer, poet, critic and essayist from Transylvania. He was the son of the historian Ákos Egyed and the pedagogue Emese Fábián, and the brother of the literary historian, poet and university professor Emese Egyed. He graduated from high school in his home town, and after military service, between 1974 and 1978 he obtained a degree at the Faculty of History and Philosophy of Babeș-Bolyai University in Cluj. At the beginning of his career, from 1978 till 1980, he was a teacher at the Auto School Group Timișoara, and then between 1980 and 1990 he worked as an editor at the Kriterion Publishing House in Cluj-Napoca.

From 1973 he published poems, criticism and essays, at first mainly in Echinox (Equinox) and Korunk (Our Age). Between 1974 and 1978 he worked as managing editor at the Hungarian pages of the student newspaper in Cluj. He is a representative of the third Forrás (Source) generation.

As can be seen in his Forrás volume of 1978 A parton lovashajnal (Equestrian dawn on the bank) his poetry is characterised by a strong predisposition for philosophy, the parallel display of vital human issues and of the specific problems of life in Transylvania. His literary criticism and essays – among which the 1979 introductory essay to György Bretter’s volume Itt és mást (Here and other) stands out – show a sensitivity towards the collective function of the philosophical and a strong critical attitude. He was a scholar of literary semiotics, and one of the most influential creators of contemporary Hungarian literature and philosophy.

After the regime change, from 1990 he taught in the Faculty of History and Philosophy of Babeș-Bolyai University in Cluj-Napoca. In 1998 he obtained his doctorate in political philosophy. Working first as assistant professor, from 2000 as associate professor, and then from 2003 as full professor, his research themes covered philosophies of freedom, philosophies of human rights and the history of Hungarian philosophy. Over the decades, besides his professional studies and professional articles, he published numerous books in various genres and he also received several literary awards.

Aleksandra Ekster (b.  Belostok, Russia in 1882, d. Fontenay-Aux-Roses, Paris in 1949) is a painter and designer of international stature, who divided her life between Kyiv, St. Petersburg, Moscow, Vienna, and Paris.  After graduating from the School of Fine Arts in Kyiv in 1906, Exter married in 1908 and moved to Paris that same year, where she studied at the Académie de la Grande Chaumière. Her social circle included Picasso, Braque, Guillaume Apollinaire, Max Jacob as well as the Italian Futurists Filippo Marinetti, Giovanni Papini and Ardengo Soffici (with whom she shared a studio in 1914). In 1909-1914, Exter travelled extensively between Paris, Moscow and Kyiv, playing an important role in disseminating Cubist and Futurist ideas among the Russian avant-garde. She participated in many important avant-garde exhibitions in Russia and Ukraine and Paris, as well as the International Futurist Exhibition in Rome (1914).

The National Art Museum in Ukraine holds an important work "Bridge at Sèvres" produced during this period. It is deeply influenced by Cubist and Futurist ideas, where the cityscape is fragmented into a system of small geometric planes, enlivened by variations of tone and color.